AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES

Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells and tissues in the body, mistaking them for harmful agents. There are more than 80 different types of autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, and type 1 diabetes. These diseases can affect multiple organs and systems in the body, and although the exact cause is unknown, a combination of genetic and environmental factors is thought to contribute to their development. Autoimmune diseases are chronic and can fluctuate between periods of flare and remission.

Symptoms of autoimmune diseases vary depending on the specific disease and the organ or system affected. However, common symptoms include fatigue, joint pain and stiffness, fever, rashes, digestive problems, and in some cases, loss of function in the affected organs. In addition, many patients experience chronic inflammation, which can lead to progressive tissue damage if not properly controlled. The severity of symptoms can also vary, from mild discomfort to serious complications and disabilities.

The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in autoimmune diseases has been widely investigated due to their immunomodulatory properties. MSCs can suppress the abnormal autoimmune response and reduce inflammation in affected tissues. By rebalancing the immune system, MSCs can help stop the progression of these diseases. In addition, MSCs secrete growth factors that promote the regeneration of damaged tissues, helping in the repair of affected organs such as joints in rheumatoid arthritis or intestines in Crohn's disease.

Mesenchymal stem cell treatment offers the possibility of reducing autoimmune activity and alleviating symptoms in patients with autoimmune diseases. Studies have shown improvements in chronic inflammation, reduction in pain and fatigue, and a decrease in disease flares. Additionally, in cases of organ damage, such as in lupus or multiple sclerosis, MSCs may help restore normal tissue function. This therapy may complement or reduce the need for other treatments, such as immunosuppressants, which often have significant side effects.