DIABETES

Diabetes is a chronic disease that affects how the body converts food into energy. The pancreas does not produce enough insulin or the body's cells do not respond properly to insulin, resulting in high blood glucose levels. There are several types of diabetes, the most common being type 1 diabetes, which is characterized by autoimmune destruction of the beta cells of the pancreas, and type 2 diabetes, which occurs when the body becomes resistant to insulin or the pancreas does not produce enough insulin.

Diabetes symptoms can vary, but generally include excessive thirst (polydipsia), increased need to urinate (polyuria), extreme hunger (polyphagia), unexplained weight loss, fatigue, and blurred vision. In type 1 diabetes, symptoms usually develop rapidly over weeks or months, while in type 2 diabetes, symptoms tend to develop more slowly and may go unnoticed for years. If not properly controlled, diabetes can cause nerve damage (neuropathy), frequent infections, slow wound healing, as well as serious complications such as kidney disease, vision problems (diabetic retinopathy), and heart disease.

Recent studies on the application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the treatment of diabetes have shown promising results. Mesenchymal stem cells can help regenerate insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas, which could improve blood sugar control.

Mesenchymal stem cell treatment for diabetes offers several benefits. In the case of type 1 diabetes, MSCs can help reduce the autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing cells, promoting their regeneration and improving control of blood glucose levels. In type 2 diabetes, stem cells can improve the body's sensitivity to insulin and help reverse insulin resistance, potentially reducing dependence on medications or exogenous insulin. In addition, MSC therapy can help mitigate diabetes-related complications such as neuropathy and cardiovascular disease, thanks to its anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties.